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Date of Issue : Nov 1997 1. IDENTIFICATION
General Product Name : XANTHATES Other Names : SODIUM ETHYLXANTHATE ; SODIUM XANTHOGENATE ; S.E.X. UN No. : 3342 Dangerous Goods Class : 4.2 Subsidiary Risk : None Allocated Hazchem Code : 1[Y] Pack Group : II EPG : 4A2 Poisons Schedule : N/A Uses : Flotation agent used in the separation of ores.
1.1 Physical Description / Properties
Appearance : Pale yellow amorphous powder. Formula : Boiling Point : N/A deg C Melting Point : > 182 deg C Vapour Pressure : N/A Specific Gravity : 1.263 (water = 1) Flash Point : N/A pH : () Solubility in water : 450 g/l (25 deg C) Flammability Limits (as percentage volume in air) Lower Explosion Limit : 1.3 Upper Explosion Limit : 50 1.2 Other Properties
Flammability limits are for carbon disulphide %v/v in air. Soluble in alcohol and water. Autoignition temperature = 250 deg C 1.3 Ingredients
2. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
2.1 Health Effects - Acute Swallowed
Oral LD50 = 730 mg/kg (Mice) for a 10% aqueous solution. Eye
Sodium ethyl xanthate is a mild eye irritant (rabbit). Carbon disulphide vapour is a severe eye irritant. Skin
Moderate skin irritant (rabbit). Carbon disulphide is a severe skin irritant and can cause serious blisters on contact. Dermal LD50 = <1000 mg/kg (Rat) Inhaled
Due to release of carbon disulphide, acute exposure may cause tremors, loss of consciousness, difficulty in breathing, vascular collapse and possible death. Inhalation LC50 = not available 2.2 Health Effects - Chronic
No human evidence is available and no animal studies have been conducted for long term effects of sodium ethylxanthate. Prolonged exposure to other xanthates produces adverse effects on the central nervous system in mice; toxic effects were seen in kidneys and liver in dogs and cats. Repeated exposure to carbon disulphide vapour can adversely affect the central & peripheral nervous systems causing weakening of the leg muscles, fatigue, sleeplessness & irritability. Carbon disulphide has been shown to contribute towards coronary heart disease in exposed workers & severe effects on the retina of the eye have been observed. Hearing defects in workers exposed to carbon disulphide have been reported. Adverse effects on the reproductive system of workers has been noted, decreased libido & sperm morphology changes (males), menstrual abnormalities (females).
2.3 First Aid
Swallowed
Rinse mouth with water. Give plenty of water to drink. If person is losing consciousness DO NOT give anything by mouth. Seek immediate medical assistance.
Eye
Immediately irrigate with copious quantities of water for at least 15 minutes with eyelids held open. Seek immediate medical assistance.
Skin
Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Seek medical assistance if irritation persists.
Inhaled
Remove affected person from exposure - avoid becoming a casualty. Remove contaminated clothing and loosen remaining clothing. Allow patient to assume most comfortable position and keep warm. If breathing stops give artificial respiration. Keep at rest until fully recovered. Seek medical advice.
First Aid Facilities
2.5 Advice to Doctor
Treat symptomatically based on judgement of doctor and reactions of patient.
2.6 Toxicity Data
3. PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
3.1 Exposure Standards
No exposure standard has been allocated for sodium ethyl xanthate by the National Occupational Health and Safety Commission. Exposure standard for the major decomposition product carbon disulphide is 10 ppm TWA with a skin notation (ie. absorption through the skin may be a significant source of exposure).
3.2 Engineering Controls
The mixing area (for the preparation of sodium ethyl xanthate solution) should
3.3 Personal Protection
A combination respirator fitted with a particulate filter and a gas filter which can absorb carbon disulphide, such as type A or AX should be worn during the mixing process. The respiratory protective equipment should be in accordance with AS 1716. Impervious gloves conforming to n Standard AS 2161-1978 should be worn. Protective clothing conforming to n Standard AS 3765.1-1990 should be worn. Eye protection conforming to n Standard AS 1337-1984 should be worn.
3.4 Flammability
Sodium ethyl xanthate in contact with water will emit carbon disulphide which is highly flammable. The dry powder or pellet form may also be flammable because of the presence of moisture in the product. SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION
4.1 Storage / Transport
Storage should be in a restricted area. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from any ignition sources. Containers may be earthed to reduce the possibility of sparks from static electricity. During handling of sodium ethyl xanthate avoid generation of dust.
4.2 Packaging / Labelling UN No. 3342 Class 4.2 Sub Risk None Allocated Hazchem Code 1[Y] Pack Group II EPG No. 4A2 Shipping Name XANTHATES Hazard
Risk Phrases
Safety Phrases
4.3 Spills and Disposal
Spills
Care should be taken not to puncture containers when moving with forklift. In the event of a spill DO NOT wash material into drain or sewer. Personal protective equipment as noted in section 3.3 should be worn.
Vacuuming of solid spills is recommended. Collect in properly labelled containers for disposal.
Disposal
Dispose of in accordance with all Local, State and Federal regulations at an approved waste disposal facility.
4.4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD Fire / Explosion
Combustible. Evolves highly flammable, toxic carbon disulphide vapours. Hygroscopic and reacts with water to form carbon disulphide, ethyl alcohol, sodium carbonate and trithiocarbonate. Reacts with oxidising agents to form dixanthogens. Generates heat on contact with water and this accelerates decomposition. Decomposition is also accelerated by low pH.
Extinguishing Media
Fire-fighters should wear full protective equipment including self-contained breathing apparatus. Evacuation of the people from the neighboorhood should be considered if necessary. For fighting fires use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, sand or soil. With large fires flooding with water may be appropriate. 5 OTHER INFORMATION
Other Information
Sodium ethyl xanthate is highly toxic to aquatic fauna and fish. Avoid dispersing to waterways.
5.1 Contact Points
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The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
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